CARDIOLOGICAL AREA

CARDIOLOGICAL AREA CHECKUP

The tests in the cardiological area aim to provide an initial assessment of the functions of the cardiovascular system and are particularly directed at individuals with a family history and/or risk factors for arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking addiction, obesity, and exposure to strong stress factors.

ECG

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a safe and painless diagnostic test that, using an electrocardiograph, records and graphically represents the rhythm and electrical activity of the heart. The test will be interpreted by the specialist doctor in an average time of 30 minutes.

The test is useful for detecting the possible presence of a heart disease or a rhythm disorder.

24-HOUR BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING

24-hour blood pressure monitoring, or dynamic blood pressure monitoring, is a non-invasive, painless diagnostic test that allows for the measurement of blood pressure at regular intervals throughout an entire day and records its values. The test will be interpreted by the specialist doctor in an average time of 24 hours.

Holter blood pressure monitoring can be very useful in cases of unstable high blood pressure, undiagnosed hypertension, monitoring the effectiveness of therapy, and in cases where a significant emotional component is suspected.

CARDIAC HOLTER

A Holter monitor is a continuously recorded electrocardiogram, typically over 24 hours, used to monitor the heart’s electrical activity while the subject goes about their normal daily activities. The examination will be interpreted by a specialist, with results typically available within an average of 24 hours.

The examination is useful for continuously monitoring the heart’s electrical activity. It is used to assess the regularity of the rhythm and the presence of rhythm disorders, providing valuable information about the type and frequency of arrhythmia, as well as concurrent clinical symptoms.

METABOLIC CHECK

Metabolic Check is a non-invasive quantitative test that allows the measurement of parameters such as blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and cardiovascular risk within a few minutes.

To prevent the onset of conditions such as diabetes and cerebro/cardiovascular diseases or monitor their progression over time.

The test is performed through a capillary blood sample.
Result time: 45 seconds – 2 minutes

The term “Metabolic Syndrome” does not refer to a single condition but rather to a set of risk factors associated with conditions that increase the likelihood of developing cerebro/cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The condition that predisposes one to develop metabolic syndrome is the simultaneous presence of at least three metabolic and hemodynamic alterations, including:

  • High blood pressure (with blood pressure values > 140/90 mm/Hg).
  • Elevated levels of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
  • Low levels of HDL cholesterol (the so-called “good” cholesterol).
  • Excessive body fat, especially visceral fat located in the abdominal area and correlated with excessive waist circumference.
  • Insulin resistance, which is a reduced sensitivity of insulin-dependent tissues to the action of insulin (a hormone that helps regulate blood glucose concentration), resulting in hyperglycemia.

Genetic predisposition and insufficient physical activity can also play an important role in its onset.

To prevent the development of metabolic syndrome, it is necessary to:
  • Maintain a healthy weight.
  • Follow a balanced diet that includes a high consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing the intake of excessively high-calorie foods and beverages.
  • Engage in regular physical activity.

VEIN CHECK

Vein Check is a simple, fast, and non-invasive test that assesses the efficiency of venous return. Under normal conditions, blood flows into the venous system of the lower limbs within a certain timeframe, which reduces in pathological situations.

This evaluation is important for early diagnosis of venous insufficiency, enabling effective therapy and preventing or delaying the chronicization of the disease.

The test is suitable for both males and females who need a proper evaluation to address symptoms such as pain, swelling, tingling, cramps, edema, and heaviness in the lower limbs, or who have sedentary jobs or jobs that require prolonged standing.

The test is conducted using a reflected light plethysmograph, which measures the Refilling Time, i.e., the time it takes for blood to refill the calf after forced movement has caused its emptying.
The instrument emits a beam of light at the calf and is equipped with a sensor that measures the reflected light that strikes the cutaneous venous plexus.
The amount of reflected light varies proportionally to the amount of hemoglobin (and therefore red blood cells) present; reflection will be minimal in the case of maximum capillary filling and maximum in the case of maximum capillary emptying.
The sensor first measures the resting venous plexus and then, through repeated foot movement, the one in motion.
In particular, the test consists of three phases:

  • Initial Phase: The subject is seated with their feet firmly on the floor.
  • Contraction Phase: Raise the tips of the feet alternately 10 times while keeping the heel on the floor.
  • Refilling Phase: Return to the initial position.

Venous insufficiency of the lower limbs is a condition often underestimated and considered solely an aesthetic concern. In reality, it includes all manifestations due to difficult blood return from the extremities to the heart, leading to stagnation that makes vessels more fragile and permeable, contributing to the formation of edema, swelling, varicose veins, etc.
Factors predisposing to this condition include:

  • Family history
  • Hormonal imbalances
  • Pregnancy
  • Excess weight
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Prolonged static orthostatism (jobs involving many hours of standing)
  • Prolonged exposure to heat
  • Lower limb trauma outcomes
  • Follow a balanced and healthy diet.
  • Engage in regular aerobic physical activity.
  • Avoid prolonged immobility while standing or sitting.
  • Avoid wearing tight clothing.
  • Avoid prolonged exposure to high temperatures and/or sunlight.